In September 1943 also in Florence Fascism reorganizes itself in a republican form in order to continue the war on the Reich’s side.

The Italian Social Republic structures are very active in the city but their presence and effectiveness is not so homogeneous in the surrounding areas of the province.

From the autumn the Italian collaborationist authorities try to regain control over the territory and start up an intense military recruitment.

In spring 1944 the failure of these objectives is clearly registered: the male population, in fact, resorts to all means to avoid recruitment and the occupiers progressively take direct charge of public order.